Josh

Third Quarter Extra Credit Assignment
 * 1) Cell Division: Mitosis and Meiosis

2. Biochemical Reactions
 * Reactants: compounds present before the reaction starts (left of arrow)
 * Producers: new compounds formed by changing/combining reactants (right of arrow)


 * Enzymes: speed up/catalyze chemical reactions (effectiveness and function determined by shape)
 * Hydrolysis: breaking compounds down into smaller compounds - ADD WATER
 * Dehydration Synthesis: combining smaller compounds to make larger ones - REMOVE WATER
 * Protein Synthesis: combining amino acids to make proteins (in ribosomes
 * Photosynthesis: makes food/glucose for AUTOTROPHS (make their own food)
 * Uses light, CO2, and H20
 * Makes glucose and oxygen (as waste)
 * Takes place in the chloroplast/gas exchange through stomata (controlled by guard cells)


 * Types of Cell Respiration:
 * Aerobic: release energy for use
 * uses glucose and oxygen
 * makes energy(ATP) and CO2 and H20 (as waste)
 * Done in all cells with mitochondria !!!
 * Anaerobic: releases SMALL AMOUNTS of energy for use
 * uses glucose (no oxygen)
 * makes ATP and lactic acid (in muscle cells as waste)
 * occurs when muscles cells LACK O2
 * makes ATP and CO2 and eth. alcohol
 * yeast cells and anaerobic bacteria



http://www.genengnews.com/news/bnitem.aspx?name=49200739 http://www.genengnews.com/news/bnitem.aspx?name=49938109&source=genwire Back in August 2001, President Bush decided to limit the financing of the embryotic stem cell research, which has angered many scientists for the past eight years. Luckily, the newly elected President Obama feels that this type of experimentation is extremely important in the 21ST century, and promised to dispose of Bush's policies throughout his campaign. It appears that nearly 70% of Americans feel that this type of research is crucial in order to treat diseases ranging from spinal cord injury to juvenile diabetes. Despite this, ESC Research Advocates still have not seen any tremendous amount of action taken place by the new President, and are starting to worry whether or not a change will come soon. Amy Comstock Rick, president of the Coalition to Advance Medical Research, stated, "We are getting a little concerned that the commitment, which was so clear and crisp and clean to rescind the policy, hasn’t been acted on yet." Meanwhile, few congressmen and other politicians have already started preparing a bill to be introduced to Congress, titled the Stem Cell Research Enhancement Act (sets ethical guidelines and mandates an annual report on federal ESC research). Many hope that this will be passed soon enough to start experimenting again and deliver more accurate results. Personally, I feel that these scientist need to be a little bit more patient. In all fairness to the President, he was just sworn in only one month ago and unfortunately, there are bigger issues out there than ESC research. For example, the ECONOMY!!!! The world is currently going through and economic crisis and I don't think the President should have to worry about this now. In addition, the US government does not currently have the sufficient funds to pay for all of the necessary equipment. We already have a deficit of more than $1 TRILLION. Once things start to get better with the mortgage crisis, etc., I'm sure President Obama will get to action and deliver his promises.

Evolution Stations pictures (station 2) for extra credit on test

DNA Bacteria Homologous Structures Geographic Distribution Species Camouflage Vestigial Structures Variation Survival of the Fittest Charles Darwin